Assessment is one of the most critical dimensions in engineering education process; it focuses not only on identifying how many of the predefined education goals and objectives/outcomes have been achieved but also works as a feedback component for educators to upgrade their teaching practices. The assessment can be seen as a link that it forms with other education processes. Lamprianou et al. (2009) point out that assessment is associated with the educational objectives of “evaluation, diagnosis, guidance, selection, placement, administration, prediction or grading. Assessment is one main factors that contribute to a high quality teaching and learning environment and student’s performance as whole. It also makes clearer what teachers expect from students (Biggs et al., 1999). The perceived difficulty in this process is how assessment system, approaches and schemes can be standardized and adapted across the premier institutes (NITs) of in the country. Credit system has been used widely by many HEIs in India for over 20 years but no nationally agreed and rationalized framework of credit and Credit Transfer and Accumulation System is developed. The purpose of the literature review is to outline research studies in the assessment and evaluation systems being practicedand to highlight the studies that can be used in the research project undertaken. Specifically, the literature review attempts to address the following research questions: What researches are undertaken nationally and internationally into the assessment system in higher education, especially engineering education? What are the key findings from these researches? What are the limits (delimitations) of these researches? Are there research findings could be applied to engineering education at UG in NITs in India? Are there any prime concern for future research in this area? From this literature review, it is apparent that a very few number of studies have been conducted in higher education institutions but no research was found in the context of Engineering Education specific to UG programmes and NITs. However, many innovations are on the way to improvise the assessment and evaluation mechanisms in the engineering education especially in the context of Outcome Based Education (OBE).
Engineering Education, Assessment, Evaluation, Credits, National Institute of Technology (NITs)
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